Cross-check the table of contents with current laws. If “Negotiable Instruments Law” is still there and “Electronic Commerce Act” is missing, the PDF is ancient.
His books focus heavily on codal provisions and landmark jurisprudence. commercial law reviewer aquino pdf better
Use a legitimate PDF of the latest edition if you can buy it. If not, use an old Aquino PDF only as a supplement to a more recent commercial law textbook or a 2024 bar review material. Cross-check the table of contents with current laws